What to Check Before Purchasing a Used Industrial Robot? Mechanical, Electrical, and Operational Condition Acceptance Checklist

A clean appearance on a used robot does not indicate good operational condition. Before purchase, it is necessary to inspect the robot body, control cabinet, teach pendant, software licenses, and maintenance history within the same acceptance process.

1. Key Inspection Points
2. Verify the robot's complete model, payload, reach, production year, controller model, and operating hours.
3. Check each axis for reducer abnormal noise, oil leakage, backlash, brake holding capability, and mechanical limits.
4. Inspect the control cabinet's fans, filters, power supply, drive modules, boards, and cables for repairs or modifications.
5. Read the current alarms, event logs, zero point status, system options, and program backup status.
6. Implementation Steps
7. First perform a cold power-on and single-axis low-speed jog, then gradually proceed to coordinated motion and rated speed tests.
8. Use a standard trajectory to observe repeatability, vibration, following error, and cable status in different poses.
9. If conditions permit, complete tests with the actual tool and load, recording motor and drive temperature rise.
10. In the acceptance documentation, preserve photos of the nameplate, key component serial numbers, system backups, test videos, and a defect list.
11. Common Misconceptions
12. Only observing high-speed operation with no load, without testing low-speed crawling, braking, and actual load.
13. Failing to verify software options against on-site process requirements, discovering missing functions only after the equipment arrives at the factory.
14. Not saving original backups and zero point data, making it difficult to recover position after relocation.
15. Summary

When purchasing a used industrial robot, simultaneously check mechanical backlash, reducer noise, servo system, control cabinet, teach pendant, zero point data, and loaded operation status.

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